Comparative Race and Ethnicity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Comparative Race and Ethnicity - Essay Example The discussion started when a White man from the crowd questions that why black people are so frustrated that they always keep on talking about ethnicity and that they are being ignored by the world Jones replied because this is the truth if not why are they called blacky The white man said it is very simple we call you black people because of your dark complexion, Jones interrupted and said sorry to interrupt you young man but the truth is that you call us black people to make a border line between you and us as you think that we are inferior to you or you might don't want to make us feel that we are also the citizens of this country and that we are second citizens. Moreover Socrates said that I started feeling like a mad man as we truly started feeling ourselves inferior than White people and some of us don't feel comfortable in the company of a white man this time the white man again interrupted and said look you your self said that its you who feel uncomfortable with us otherwise we don't have any issue whoever is living or working in our vicinity. Socrates replied dear this is the main problem you look at the current situation and don't want to see the original picture or the reason behind all this. You people discuss that we were slaves and were tortured by our masters and till now when everything has changed you still look at us like slaves and don't want to mention our contributions. In this regard Jones said that the main issue is that you think that we are inferior because you do not understand our culture and religion or you might don't want to, as both of these play an important role in making an Identity of a person you only know th at we are black people, negro and that's all. I don't know if you don't want to know more than this or you are afraid that after knowing the complete reality you have to accept our identity. As we entered states we gradually started losing our identity as we were working under white people so they simply call us black people and the thing keep on going from generations to generations. You could not feel the pain of losing identity it feels like we are nobody and came in this world to serve white or rich people or if we are born for slavery. The white man said we never said you so and I don't think anybody have enough time to stand and say you that you are inferior or we don't like yours. Nobody bothers to say so and why would we Socrates said it's not your tongue that speaks it's your eyes that make us feel inferior , yes it's the way you look at us, a taunting smile on your face is enough to make us pissed off. You said that you don't think so then tell me why do you call us a second citizen why after spending our lives here in states and we served your prestigious organization even then we are still blacky, Negros and nothing more then second citizens to you people. We study in same universities that you did and dream to have a bright future but still we don't get to the position you get because of your ethnicity. The white man did not bothered to talk more and went away with a smile on his face, a smile like that

File Systems and Permissions Summary

File Systems and Permissions Summary John David Woody chmod -rwxr-xr-1 instruct staff 270311 Aug 11 2009 install.sh I will attempt explain the best I can. Chmod, on linux or unix like operating systems, there are a set of rules for each file which defines who can access that file and how they can access it. The at position 0 denotes the type of file, it is either a d if the item is a directory or l if it is a link or it could just be a regular file. The symbols in the positions 1 thru 3 rwr are permissions for the owner of the file and the symbols in position 4 thru 6 r-x are positions for a group, the remaining positions 7 thru 9 r-1 are permissions for anyone else. The rwx shows that owner has read (r), write (w) and execute (x) permission. The shows the permissions for the group to which the file belongs. The r-xr represents that has permission to read (r) and execute (x) and, read permissions without write permission. The last xr-1 set of characters, represents the permissions for everybody else. The octal numbers 270311 each have individual meanings for permissions. I researched this at, the WEB site below on the reference page. Now, 2 is for write, the 7 where my confusion stepped in is the numeric mode from one to four octal digits which are derived by adding up the bit values, so 4 is for read , 2 for write, and 1 is for execute when added equals 7 so all access is allowed. The 0 from what I read has no permissions. The 3 is for write and execute and the 1s only can execute. How the commands and the octal numbers relate requires me to do more homework. The remaining items below 2 -5 and 1 4, will be described and follow the same patterns as above. I just hope Im explaining things correctly. Chmod -rw-rr1 instruct staff 348039 Aug 12 2008 User_Guide.txt Chmod, on linux or unix like operating systems, there are a set of rules for each file which defines who can access that file and how they can access it. The at position 0 denotes the type of file, it is either a d if the item is a directory or l if it is a link or it could just be a regular file. The symbols in the positions 1 thru 3 rw- are permissions for the owner of the file and the symbols in position 4 thru 6 r are positions for a group, the remaining positions 7 thru 10 r1 are permissions for anyone else. Now, this textual representation consist of 10 characters but from what I have read the rules still apply. The octal numbers 348039 each again have individual meanings for permissions. Now, 3 is for write, the 4 is for read, 8 again confusion stepped in until I will research this more. The 0 is for denial, 3 again is for write and of course there is a 9 Ill also have to look into. Chmod -rw-r1 instruct staff 635106 Aug 12 2009 Admin_Guide.txt Chmod, on linux or unix like operating systems, there are a set of rules for each file which defines who can access that file and how they can access it. The at position 0 denotes the type of file, it is either a d if the item is a directory or l if it is a link or it could just be a regular file. The symbols in the positions 1 thru 3 rw- are permissions for the owner of the file and the symbols in position 4 thru 6 r are positions for a group, the remaining positions 7 thru 10 1 are permissions for anyone else. Now, this textual representation consist of 10 characters but from what I have read the rules still apply. The octal numbers 635106 each again have individual meanings for permissions. Now, 6 is for read/write, the 3 is for write, 5 is for read/execute. The 1 is for execute only, 0 all access denied and 6 read/write. Chmod drwxr-xr-x 4 instruct staff 144 Aug 12 2009 Documents Chmod, on linux or unix like operating systems, there are a set of rules for each file which defines who can access that file and how they can access it. The d at position 0 denotes the type of file, it is either a d if the item is a directory or l if it is a link or it could just be a regular file. Well this is a directory. The symbols in the positions 1 thru 3 rwx are permissions for the owner of the file and the symbols in position 4 thru 6 -x4 are positions for a group. The octal numbers 144 each again have individual meanings for permissions. Now, 1 is for execute only. The two 4s are read only access. chmod -rwsr-x 1 nobody nobody 169202 Aug 11 2009 httpd Chmod, on linux or unix like operating systems, there are a set of rules for each file which defines who can access that file and how they can access it. The at position 0 denotes the type of file, it is either a d if the item is a directory or l if it is a link or it could just be a regular file. The symbols in the positions 1 thru 3 rws are permissions for the owner of the file and the symbols in position 4 thru 7 r-x1 are positions for a group. The octal numbers 169202 each again have individual meanings for permissions. Now, 1 is for execute only. The 6 is for read/write allowed, the 9 I still have not figured out yet, but I will. The 2 is for write access only, the 0 means all access denied, again the 2 is write access only. Metacharacters/Regular Expressions * Matches zero or more occurrences of the previous character ? The preceding item is optional and will be matched, at most, once. ^ The caret ^ is an anchor that indicates the beginning of a line. $ The asterisk is a modifier and also an anchor. In a regular expression it specifies that a previous character set can appear any number of times, that includes a zero. [0-9] Matches any one of the numbers given within chars, where chars Is a sequence of characters. [a-z] Matches any one of the characters given within chars, where chars Is a sequence of characters. Regular expressions to match the following All files that end in txt ls -1 grep *.txt Files that have a second character of a and end in sh ls -1 | grep *.sh Any file that starts with a number ls -l | grep [0-9] A blank line ls -l | grep [] A traditional 10-digit U.S.-based phone number, in the following format: (407) 555-1212 ls -l | grep [(0-3)] [0-3]-[0-4] Note: Not quite sure about this one but I tried. Reference www.computerhope.com/unix/uchmod.htm

Portfolio Theory and Banks :: Finance Financial Essays

Portfolio Theory and Banks Over the years competition in the financial industry has been very high. Banks have been competing harder over market shares and profits. These firms have of late been facing a very unique challenge; how to extract high levels of profit while still maintaining their foundations as lending institutions. Lending is not a very profitable business, the risk of default coupled with the competition driving down market prices have made lending a less attractive enterprise. Therefore some banks are trying to concentrate on their more profitable activities (i.e. advisories, debt and equity sales, mergers and acquisitions). But to be able to extract this sort of business requires banks to engage in loans. Without loans customers have no incentive to do business with them, since one of their primary needs is to finance their commercial activities through debt. Portfolio theory gives these lending institutions a tool to minimize the risks and hazards of lending. Portfolio theory was first published by Fischer Black and Myron Scholes in 1973. This model provided banks with a strategy on how to diversify their loans and investments. Before this, banks had no real investment strategy and their only option was to obtain as much collateral as possible and make default an unattractive option. Portfolio Theory allows companies or investors to diversify their investment so to minimize risk and maximize gain. The principle behind the Black – Scholes model is to diversify your equity so that your lowest risk bond produces the same risk as your highest risk investment. When your investments have reached this equilibrium, then risk minimization has been achieved.[1] [1] www.kmv.com/Knowledge_Base/public/general/white /Portfolio_Management_of_default_Risk.pdf What is the Black - Scholes model? The model also called portfolio theory works under the following assumptions: 1) Price of the underlier is lognormally distributed 2) No transaction costs 3) Markets trade continuously 4) Risk-free rate is constant and the same for all maturities.[1] The model was first used for simple put and call options and now has been expanded for use with other financial instruments. This model is a mathematical model and certain variables are needed for the formula to work. These variables are the stock price, exercise price, time to maturity, volatility, and price of a discount bond that matures when the option does.

An Analysis of Broken Dreams by W.B. Yeats Essay

A lot of Yeats’ poems about love are linked back to the love of his life, Maud. She is represented in many forms in Yeats’ poetry and Broken Dreams is no exception. By using Maud, Broken Dreams involves themes such as loss, love and time. ‘THERE is grey in your hair. Young men no longer†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ In these first two lines Yeats has set the basis of what the poem will be about, comparing Maud to what she was like when she was young and what she is like during the writing of the poem. Yeats switches between the past and the present to present this but instead of using the past tense he goes back to how he remembers Maud and uses it as the present. It can therefore be inferred that Yeats does not want to let go of the past but has done it for so long that it has become his reality, it is no longer just in his dreams. The dream he is living is then broken when he sees her again looking old and grey. After Yeats’ dreams come the memories of the woman. In three of the five stanzas Yeats repeats the words ‘Vague memories, nothing but memories.’ Yeats’ actual memories of her have faded as he got older, another result of time and ageing. Yeats can only remember a small amount about her, a large amount of that being her looks and beauty, he has been dreaming about that one thing for so long that he has forgotten everything else about her. It is suggested that even the memories that he still has become blurred and they are not as they actually were. In the fourth stanza she enters a lake with one small imperfection that makes her stand out, but if she were to leave the lake it is implied that this imperfection will disappear and she will be utterly perfect. That imperfection is the one of her characteristics that makes her so appealing to Yeats and so even more memorable, if that were to go then perhaps he will forget her altogether. Both the themes of time and memory have been to do with the loss of it. Following on from losing the memories of her, Yeats contemplates never being able to see her again. When she goes into the lake it is not only the memory of her that becomes blurred but during the time that that happened she is getting away from him. ‘And I am afraid that you will run’, this suggests that the woman does not love Yeats as much as he loves her if at all. It could be interpreted that Yeats pushed her away with all the unwanted attention he was giving her rather than her leaving because she had to like Yeats sees it. Furthermore, towards the end of Broken Dreams, Yeats has written the line, ‘The last stroke of midnight dies.’ This is line to  sum up the theme of loss on a whole whether it is time or the loss of the woman. The stroke of midnight has awoken him from a dream state thinking about this beautiful woman, making Yeats realise that he has lost a large amount of time in the day as he could have been doing something more productive. As well as time there is also the loss and possible death of this woman as Yeats says ‘midnight dies’ instead of ends or finished. Focusing more closely on the woman, who is based on Maud, her Beauty is emphasised throughout Broken Dreams. At the start of the poem, her looks ‘Recovered him upon the bed of death.’ Her looks alone gave an old, dying man the will to live even though she is of old age herself. Further on in the poem Yeats describes her looks when she was younger, saying ‘You are more beautiful that anyone,’ these two pieces of the poem show that Yeats is completely fixated with the woman and perhaps even enchanted by her beauty. According to Yeats, she is the most beautiful person in the whole world, but that is merely an opinion Yeats has of her. This opinion on her looks leads him to believe that her beauty alone saved a man’s life when this most likely is not the case. The woman’s apparent beauty in Broken Dreams appears to have hypnotised Yeats into believing that she is a Goddess walking among us, something that I highly doubt.

Kunta Kinte and Gustavus Vassa

Among the most haunting features of the early American history was the debate on the issue of slavery. Slavery was indeed the major cause of the American Civil War that almost divided the whole United States (Polchin). The Black and White conflict persisted to exist until both sides had finally accepted a reconciliation that ended the long years of struggle to unify the whole America and consolidate its people (Anderson). As how others have always said, there is really no winner in any war but only victims. The hostilities that slavery inflicted in the American history would not be disregarded for it would always remind the government and the people about the importance of unity and acceptance notwithstanding the differences the people may have. On the other hand, no matter how people would assert that all participants of the American Civil War were victims, surely there was a party who absorbed much of the war’s consequences. Between the Blacks and Whites, it was the Blacks who suffered and endured much of the implications of slavery. This was primarily due to the fact that the Blacks were the very ones who were discriminated, marginalized, tortured, demoralized and persecuted; the Whites were hailed as the superior ones (Anderson). The Blacks had centuries of affliction and resistance against the by-products of slavery. They were not given the rights to decide for themselves. They were employed as mere properties that can be sold or traded by their masters (Polchin). They were flogged, brutally and cruelly mistreated. For the Blacks, slavery was a disease or much worse a curse – a curse that would continue to deteriorate their bloodline if they were not going to find a way to cure it. Certainly, there were many attempts to obliterate slavery, of course, led by the Blacks. They did everything that they perceive to be effective in order to eradicate discrimination against their race and abolish laws that reinforced the evils of slavery. Analysis between Lives of Kinte and Vassa Obviously, the two protagonists were Blacks. The only difference was that Kinte was a character portrayed in a story while Vassa, whose real name was Olaudah Equiano was not a character drawn from a story or novel. They have the same roots (being Blacks) and same situation (where slavery was dominant). Both of them experienced being harshly discriminated. Kinte was held captured by White men and was roughly dejected (Haley). The same thing happened to Vassa. They were physically injured. But what really wounded them was the fact that they cannot do anything but to endure their sufferings because there was no way that they can claim to alter what was happening in their lives –such as rights. Thrashing, flogging, and battering were only the initial maltreatment and abuse that Kinte and Vassa experienced. What hurt them was the truth that anything can be taken away from them, even their lives and identities. Their names were changed upon they were sold or traded. Kinte’s name was changed to Toby (Haley) while the name Gustavus Vassa replaced Olaudah Equiano (Equiano). They served and do everything that their masters told them to do so. They lived their lives the slave way. Nonetheless, Kinte and Vassa had attempted to free themselves from slavery. Though Kinte was never really became successful in overcoming or liberating himself from the objects of slavery, he made sure that his daughter Kizzy (Keisha) would not forget their origins and their authentic identities. Hence, when Kinte died, her daughter was so proud of his father and became determined to follow his father’s ideologies (which was directed against slavery).   The scene wherein Kizzy erased the slave name of his father (as Toby) and replaced it with his real name which was Kunta Kinte symbolized that even though Kinte did not really accomplished his political purpose, he was still become successful because he was able to make her daughter value his ultimate goal in life (Haley). On the other hand, Vassa was more fortunate than Kinte because he was able to express his political ideologies against slavery. His writings narrated what slavery brought upon the Blacks and how it divided the United States. He used his works to enlighten the government and the people about the inequalities that the former America had been patronizing. As an abolitionist, he strongly advocated for the abolition of the slavery, which was considered legal and was believed to be a right of the Whites (Equiano). Though his writings became effective tools in empowering America about the evils of slavery, he failed to see the dawn of the fall of slavery – just like how he failed to complete his journey back to his homeland. Conclusion To sum up, Kinte and Vassa were both Black slaves. They had the same experiences and the same sentiments concerning the issue of slavery. Their ways in overcoming such slavery were somewhat performed in different ways but had the same impact. Their political stand against slavery was fundamentally directed towards the equality between the Whites and the Blacks. Both believe that every one regardless of their color must be given equal rights and opportunities. To end, though Kinte and Vassa died without really being able to see the products of their endeavors, their legacy would remain in the hearts of their families and fellow people who were inspired by their remarkable examples. Works Cited Anderson, Claud. Black Labor, White Wealth: The Search for Power and Economic Justice.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Powernomics Corporation of America, 1994. Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vass, the African. NuVision Publications, 2007. Haley, Alex. Roots: The Saga of an American Family. Vanguard Press, 2007. Polchin, Peter. American Slavery: 1619-1877. Hill and Wang, 2003.